Science: Electric Vehicles Essay Sample.
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Topic:
Electric Vehicles
Type of paper:
Essay (any type)
Discipline:
Other: electric vehicles
Format or citation style:
MLA
Pages: 5
Deadline: 6hrs
The prompt is below. I’m including a “draft” with a summary of how I want the paper written and some sources for information (3 articles). I wouldn’t focus too hard on the prompt really, just try to get the information down and loosely tie it to the prompt.
Prompt:
You work for a real estate company and they pride themselves on a culture of innovation and creativity, but their office space looks “old school.” They want you to research how to design office spaces for employees, especially the front office where clients are received and the conference room where they hold weekly staff meetings and sign contracts. Your boss has heard that office spaces should be branded, just like any other facets of the business, and he has asked you to describe how and why companies brand their facilities, explain the branding process, and provide examples.
The draft has articles from the internet, you can use them as sources and the summary for ideas but not directly
Professor’s Name
Course
Date
Electric Vehicles
10 years ago the engine seemed like an impregnable citadel. Not for lack of manufacturer initiatives in place like GM in 100% electric vehicles, Toyota in hybrids or Daimler in hydrogen. Or new entrant initiatives such as Tesla and Rivian. But they seemed helpless back then to trigger the massive adoption of electric vehicles and cargo trucks. This is no longer the case today. The economic analysis of technological competition has described and modeled immense benefits and solutions offered by electric trucks.
Policies and mandates to reduce the threat of urban pollution and subsequent demand for emission-free vehicles, as well as the growing demand for electric vans and trucks in the logistics sector, are the main drivers of the electric utility vehicle market. Considering that there has been an increased number of loading stations and a reduction in the cost involved in the initial development of electric utility vehicles, more players are getting into the electric commercial vehicle market. Government funds and incentive programs to encourage the adoption of electric utility vehicles such as electric trucks will create opportunities in the coming years. The increasing integration of modern technology and communication capabilities into electric utility vehicles is expected to stimulate market growth.
Market Players
The burgeoning electric car market is opening the door for new players in the automotive industry, as demonstrated by the breakthrough of the Californian manufacturer Tesla or the profusion of start-ups in China. At the beginning, Tesla thought it was ahead, but Daimler Truck Company, a subsidiary of Mitsubishi Fuso Truck, unveiled its E-Fuso model at the Tokyo Motor Show in October 2017, just days before Tesla. This announcement had the effect of a thunderbolt on the electric truck market and would certainly have disrupted Tesla and its Semi model. The E-Fuso was announced for a range of 350 km and could carry 11 tons of payloads, 2 tons less than an equivalent diesel gauge. The batteries on board the E-Fuso model could theoretically deliver 300 kWh, but the manufacturer announced commercialization will start in 2021.
Daimler
Daimler has introduced the electric version of its flagship Freightliner Cascadia, which will be marketed by 2021. To maintain its position as a world leader in the truck industry, the group has just set up a worldwide organization dedicated to the e-mobility, E-Mobility Group (EMG). Daimler, the world’s number one luxury car with its Mercedes-Benz brand, announced in 2016 the launch of more than 5 series electric trucks by 2022, three years ahead of schedule. In the coming years, Daimler has set aside more than 10 billion Euros devoted to the growth of its electric fleet (Jon Fingas).
Tesla
Tesla is also another major player in the manufacture of electric trucks. Since 2010, Tesla has invested nearly $ 4 billion in research and development of electric vehicles alone. In absolute terms, it’s not much: BMW invests between 2.5 and 5 billion euros a year! But where R & D account for between 3% and 6% of sales by leading automotive manufacturers, Tesla has financed its R & D with an average of 13.5% of its turnover in the last five years (McCain, 2). Sums useful for developing and developing engines, batteries or autonomous driving. Tesla is currently producing Tesla semi equipped with enhanced autopilot, lane departure warnings and automatic breaking systems (Tim Bradshaw).
Renault Trucks
For Renault Trucks, electro-mobility has emerged very early as the answer to the problem of air quality and noise pollution in the cities and one of the responses to global CO2 emissions. For more than ten years, Renault Trucks has been experimenting with electric trucks with partner customers to gather fundamental information on the use, battery behaviour, recharging infrastructure and maintenance of electric trucks. These experiments in real operating conditions have also allowed Renault Trucks’ partner customers to support their customers in understanding electrical technology.
As early as 2011, Renault had innovated in the field of the electric truck. Aware of the consequences of diesel in urban areas and in partnership with the city of Lyon that wanted to ban trucks from accessing the city center, Renault Trucks equipped the city of Lyon with a model named Renault Midlum. This 16-ton electric heavyweight was powered by 3 lithium-ion batteries of 150 kWh (Liimatainen et al. 810). It provided small transport in urban areas, thanks to a charge of 8 hours for a range of 100 km. The loading capacity was 5.5 tons of goods. Then followed by the Renault Maxity, a smaller model with a payload of 2 tons. Its range also reaches 100 km and 90 km / h top speed (Liimatainen et al. 811). In 2017, the manufacturer takes the next step by developing, in partnership with the Delancey group, a refrigerated electric truck.
Benefits of electric trucks
There are several benefits related to electric trucks. Automation comes as an added advantage to most recent designs especially when dealing with the fact that there is a shortage of truck drivers in the market (Zhao et al. 166). Automation could respond to this shortage in two ways. First, by eliminating the use of auxiliary drivers and allowing drivers to work from a pseudo-call center. In this case, they could drive between 10 and 30 trucks per day of 8 hours, which would allow them to work locally and join their family at the end of the day. Drivers would, therefore, take control of the truck at a distance when it is on the road, for example near a construction zone or an urban center. This would reduce the number of drivers needed while at the same time considerably improving the working conditions of currently employed drivers, who can be trained to work from these call centers.
Cost reduction
This technological breakthrough should mean for carriers a reduction in logistics and maintenance costs of 5% by 2020 and close to 30% in 2030 (Zhao et al. 168). These savings would be mainly explained by the division by three of the costs related to truck drivers. However, men should remain at the heart of the value chain, but it will be reassigned to other functions. Indeed, the problem of the “last kilometer” remains whole, as remains, for example, the subject of the contact with the customer during the delivery. Thus, new jobs should emerge.
Platooning
This conquest of autonomy is made possible by the conjunction of connectivity and data processing tracked by sensors of all kinds. The connection to fixed equipment, such as tolls and car parks, and also with the businesses, can result in positive gains the way as well as optimizing the supply chain with an almost real-time adaptation of supply and demand.
Connected, the trucks exchange real-time information on traffic and delays. This link also makes it possible to form convoys in a “platooning” device which makes it possible to better regulate the movements and to save energy (Zhao et al. 170). Generally, the benefits of electric trucks can help reduce the dependence of road transport on imported oil, help reduce the country’s energy bill, reduce the gas emissions greenhouse effect, improve city air quality through zero exhaust emissions and reduce noise pollution.
The future of the electric truck market
The electric vehicle market has been changing for many years with the arrival of electric trucks. We are coming to the end of a cycle for fossil fuels which are increasingly becoming scarce and which are causing many concerns about the ecological impact of their uses. But it is unlikely that transport companies could revolutionize their fleets and abandon diesel drastically. Governments are increasingly pushing for this transition, for example, Denmark abandoned these incentives in 2015 and experienced a 45% drop in electric car registrations in 2016.
Conclusion
Electric truck models with autonomous driving capabilities are getting simpler to develop and commercialize. The sector still remains more obscure to the general public, but which involves many upheavals to the economy. In the United States, an overwhelming majority of goods are transported by heavy goods vehicles. With the continued support from the government and legislative bodies, innovation would soon allow every player in the logistics sector to save on labor costs and experiment with this new technology. Thanks to a fleet of vehicles communicating with each other, autonomous and connected trucks will have real-time information on traffic.
In the future, retailers and traders could expand their activities to control the entire distribution chain, such as Amazon. The arrival of autonomous trucks could also reinforce the logistical dynamic. Several American start-ups, such as Thor and Rivian, have already emerged to make the delivery truck space as profitable as possible. For any company seeking to remain relevant in the trucking business in the near future, the adoption of the electric truck remains inevitable. Our company should seize this opportunity while it lasts.
Cited Works
Ingle, Shantanu, and Madhuri Phute. “Tesla autopilot: semi autonomous driving, an uptick for future autonomy.” International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology 3.9 (2016).
Jon Fingas. Daimler starts testing self-driving trucks on public roads. (2019). Retrieved from https://www.engadget.com/2019/09/09/daimler-starts-public-self-driving-truck-tests/?guccounter=1
Liimatainen, Heikki, Oscar van Vliet, and David Aplyn. “The potential of electric trucks–An international commodity-level analysis.” Applied energy 236 (2019): 804-814.
Lin, Chan-Chiao, et al. “Driving pattern recognition for control of hybrid electric trucks.” Vehicle System Dynamics 42.1-2 (2004): 41-58.
McCain, Cody. “A Strategic Audit of Tesla, Inc.” (2019).
Tim Bradshaw. Tesla unleashes supercar from newly launched truck. (2017). Retrieved from: https://www.ft.com/content/095e5a76-cb4f-11e7-ab18-7a9fb7d6163e
Zhao, Yang, Mehdi Noori, and Omer Tatari. “Vehicle to Grid regulation services of electric delivery trucks: Economic and environmental benefit analysis.” Applied energy 170 (2016): 161-175.